Reasons for aging of stainless steel sewage treatment equipment and accessories
Release date: 2021-2-7 9:01:33 Visits: 640
When brown rust spots (spots) appeared on the surface of stainless steel pipes, people were surprised: "Stainless steel does not rust, and rust is not stainless steel. It may be that there is a problem with the steel." In fact, this is a one-sided misconception about the lack of understanding of stainless steel. Stainless steel can also rust under certain conditions.
Stainless steel has the ability to resist atmospheric oxidation-that is, non-rust, and it also has the ability to resist corrosion in media containing acid, alkali and salt-that is, corrosion resistance. However, the size of its corrosion resistance varies with the chemical composition of the steel itself, the state of addition, the conditions of use and the type of environmental media. Such as 304 steel pipe, in a dry and clean atmosphere, it has absolutely excellent anti-corrosion ability, but when it is moved to the seaside area, it will quickly rust in the sea fog with a lot of salt; while the 3 steel pipe has performance good. Therefore, it is not any kind of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and does not rust in any environment.
There are many forms of damage to the surface film, and the following are more common in daily life:
Stainless steel relies on a very thin, strong, dense and stable chromium-rich oxide film (protective film) formed on its surface to prevent oxygen atoms from continuing to penetrate and continue to oxidize, thereby obtaining the ability to resist corrosion. Once this film is continuously destroyed for some reason, oxygen atoms in the air or liquid will continue to infiltrate or iron atoms in the metal will continue to separate out, forming loose iron oxide, and the metal surface will continue to be rusted. There are many forms of damage to this surface film, and the following are more common in daily life:
1. The surface of stainless steel has accumulated dust containing other metal elements or attachments of foreign metal particles. In humid air, the condensed water between the attachments and stainless steel connects the two to form a micro battery, which initiates an electrochemical reaction. , The protective film is damaged, which is called electrochemical corrosion.
2. The surface of stainless steel adheres to the organic juice (such as melon, vegetable, noodle soup, sputum, etc.), which forms organic acid in the presence of water and oxygen, and the organic acid will corrode the metal surface for a long time.
3. The surface of stainless steel adheres to containing acid, alkali and salt substances (such as alkaline water and lime water splashing on the decoration wall), causing local corrosion.
4. In polluted air (such as the atmosphere containing a large amount of sulfide, carbon oxide, and nitrogen oxide), it will form sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and acetic acid liquid spots when encountering condensed water, causing chemical corrosion.
The above conditions can cause damage to the protective film on the stainless steel surface and cause rust.
Therefore, in order to ensure that the metal surface is permanently bright and not corroded, we recommend:
1. The surface of decorative stainless steel must be cleaned and scrubbed frequently to remove attachments and eliminate external factors that cause modification.
2. 316 stainless steel should be used in seaside areas, 316 material can resist seawater corrosion.
3. The chemical composition of some stainless steel pipes on the market cannot meet the corresponding national standards and cannot meet the 304 material requirements. Therefore, rust will also be caused, which requires users to carefully choose products from reputable manufacturers.
Why is stainless steel also magnetic?
People often think that magnets absorb stainless steel materials to verify their quality and authenticity. They are not attractive and non-magnetic. They are considered to be good and genuine; if they are magnetic, they are considered to be counterfeit products. In fact, this is an extremely one-sided and impractical method of identifying errors.
There are many types of stainless steel, which can be divided into several categories according to the organizational structure at room temperature:
1. Austenite type: such as 201, 202, 301, 304, 316, etc.;
2. Martensite or ferrite type: such as 430, 420, 410, etc.;
Austenite is non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, and martensite or ferrite is magnetic.
The stainless steel usually used as decorative tube sheet is mostly austenitic 304 material. Generally speaking, it is non-magnetic or weak magnetic. However, due to chemical composition fluctuations or different processing conditions caused by smelting, magnetism may also appear, but this cannot be considered as What is the reason for counterfeit or unqualified?
As mentioned above, austenite is non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, while martensite or ferrite is magnetic. Due to component segregation or improper heat treatment during smelting, a small amount of martensite or ferrite in austenitic 304 stainless steel will be caused. Body tissue. In this way, 304 stainless steel will have weak magnetic properties.
In addition, after 304 stainless steel is cold worked, the structure will also be transformed into martensite. The greater the degree of cold working deformation, the more martensite transformation and the greater the magnetic properties of the steel. Like a batch of steel belts, Φ76 pipes are produced without obvious magnetic induction, and Φ9.5 pipes are produced. Because the bending deformation is larger, the magnetic induction is more obvious. The deformation of the square rectangular tube is larger than that of the round tube, especially the corner part, the deformation is more intense and the magnetism is more obvious.
In order to completely eliminate the magnetic properties of 304 steel caused by the above reasons, the austenite structure can be restored and stabilized by high-temperature solution treatment, thereby eliminating the magnetic properties.
There are many types of stainless steel, which can be divided into several categories according to the organizational structure at room temperature:
1. Austenite type: such as 201, 202, 301, 304, 316, etc.;
2. Martensite or ferrite type: such as 430, 420, 410, etc.;
Austenite is non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, and martensite or ferrite is magnetic.
The stainless steel usually used as decorative tube sheet is mostly austenitic 304 material. Generally speaking, it is non-magnetic or weak magnetic. However, due to chemical composition fluctuations or different processing conditions caused by smelting, magnetism may also appear, but this cannot be considered as What is the reason for counterfeit or unqualified?
As mentioned above, austenite is non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, while martensite or ferrite is magnetic. Due to component segregation or improper heat treatment during smelting, a small amount of martensite or ferrite in austenitic 304 stainless steel will be caused. Body tissue. In this way, 304 stainless steel will have weak magnetic properties.
In addition, after 304 stainless steel is cold worked, the structure will also be transformed into martensite. The greater the degree of cold working deformation, the more martensite transformation and the greater the magnetic properties of the steel. Like a batch of steel belts, Φ76 pipes are produced without obvious magnetic induction, and Φ9.5 pipes are produced. Because the bending deformation is larger, the magnetic induction is more obvious. The deformation of the square rectangular tube is larger than that of the round tube, especially the corner part, the deformation is more intense and the magnetism is more obvious.
In order to completely eliminate the magnetic properties of 304 steel caused by the above reasons, the austenite structure can be restored and stabilized by high-temperature solution treatment, thereby eliminating the magnetic properties.
